1. 表转折:
but, however, yet, in fact, on the other hand;
A, but B: 否定A而肯定B,则A,B两部分内容是相反的。
例如:Computerized data storage and electronic mail were to have heralded the paper less office. But, contrary to expectations, paper consumption throughout the world shows no sign of abating .
解释:paper less 表示负向,则but后no sign of abating 表示正向,所以abating是表示负向的词。
总结:此种方法有利于在不认识单词的前提下读懂句子意思,很有帮助,但一定要练习,而且要敏感。
练习:The marginal costs of generating electricity from nuclear energy may be tiny, but , as the technology now stands, huge and uncertain costs are involved in building the power stations, dealing with spent fuel, and decommissioning.
2. 表让步:
(1)although:although A, B:尽管有A,B还是出现了(A,B互不影响)若A是正,那B就是负的。
例
如:Although the world regards Asia as the focus of an economic and industrial miracle, without adequate supplies of food, Lampe says, chaos could easily result in many countries.解释:miracle奇迹,表正向,则but后的chaos是一个表负向的词。
(2)while:五个含义:
A. although:虽然,尽管
B. as long as:只要
C. whereas, but:表转折
D.when:当。。。的时候
E. n. 表一段时间
例如:While ducks offer many advantages over hens, they must be given greater quality of food, especially if regular eggs are desired.
解释:原文在本段之前讲鸭子的好,在本段之后讲它的不好。
(3)Albeit:尽管,虽然
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