准大学生预习七大学上册英语unit1要点单词短语及语法句型



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ⅰ要点单词:
world n. 世界 country n. 国家 japan n.日本
germany n. 德国 german adj.德国的 n.德国人
grammar n.语法 blog n. 博客 sound n. 声响
everyone n.人人(谓语动词要用奇数) hobby n.喜爱 (复数hobbies) age n. 年纪
elder adj. 年长的 dream n. 愿望 complete v. 结束
us pron.咱们 yourself pron.你自个 friendly adj. 友善的
engineer n. 工程师 flat n.公寓 mountain n. 山
ⅱ要点短语:
1.colse to 接近 = near 反义词:far (away)from 远离
2.go to school 去上学
3.be good at 擅长 =do well in 反义词:be bad /poor at=do badly in不擅长
4.make friends with 与……交兄弟 make friends 交兄弟
5.all over 广泛
6.i’d like to=would like to 情愿
ⅲ要点句型:1.what does···mean?
2.welcome to
3.i like···because···
4.my dream is to be··?
5.how old is/are ····?
6.what does ····do?
具体说明:
1.read a german girl’s blog。(page1)
(1)german:
① adj.德国的 (德国人的,德语的) this is a german car。
② n.德国人 ,是可数名词。复数方法要在后边加“s”。 意为“德语”时,是不可以数名词。
eg.germans speak german。

我还晓得:中日不变,英法变,其他后边加s (关于单复数)
我国china,我国人/中文chinese 日本japan,日自己/日语japanese,
法国france,法国人/法语french 英国england/britain/u.k.英国人/英语english(2)girl’s是名词“girl”的一切格方法,意为“女孩的···”
一切格:在名词后加上“’s”构成一切格,标明一种所属联络,标明“···的”它的构成有以下方法:
①一般情况下在名词词尾加“’s” 如:tom’s books 汤姆的书
②以-s结束的复数名词的一切格,一般在这今后边直接加“’”即可。
如:parents’ names 父母的名字(page2); teachers’ day 教师节
③标明两人或多人各自的所属联络,要在各个词尾别离加“’s”;标明两人或多人一起的所属联络,只需要在最终一个词的词尾加“’s”。
如:lily’s and linda’s bikes。 丽丽和琳达的自行车.(留心:两人各有一辆车)
lily and linda’s room。 丽丽和琳达的房间。(留心:两人共住一间房)
④标明或人的家、店肆、单位时,常省掉“’s”后边的名词house,shop,office等。
at my uncle’s = at my uncle’s home 在我叔叔家
2.i’m from germany. =i’m from germany.(page3)
come from =be from 来自
3.i have an elder sister and an elder brother.(page3)
elder :描述词,“年长的”。与“younger”相对。首要用于标明家庭成员之间的长幼联络。不能用于“than”前面。
elder brother 哥哥 younger brother 弟弟
elder sister 姐姐 younger sister 小妹
older:泛指新旧、老幼或年纪巨细的联络。可以用于“than”前面。
my elder brother is one year older than i. 我哥哥比我大一岁。
4.every day,i go to school by school bus.(page3)
①go to school是一个固定分配,不要在“ school”前加“the”。因为它并不指具体的某所学校。地址在前面不要加任何冠词。
go to bed 睡觉 ; go to hospital去医院; at home 在家
留心:play basketball/football(球类),不必加“the”。
play the piano/violin(乐器),要加“the”。
②by school bus “乘坐校车”:by +交通东西 乘坐····
by bike 骑自行车 by taxi 坐租借车 by car 乘小轿车
5.i like my school because the teachers are all very friendly.(page3)
① because “因为”,引导缘由状语从句,口气很激烈。可以用来答复“why”引导的特别疑问句。
②friendly 描述词,友爱的。(留心:尽管以-ly结束,但不是副词,而是描述词)
类似的词有:lovely(心爱的) lonely(孑立的) lively (生动的)
daily(每日的) ugly(丑的) silly (傻的)
6.my dream is to be an engineer .我的愿望是变成一名工程师。(page3)
① 一般来说,is后边都不加“to”,但这儿“to be an engineer”做表语。
这样规划的比方有:my job/work/task is to feed animals.
② dream: n.愿望 可数名词。
v.做梦 dream of /about (doing) sth.
7.i like many sports.
many :许多。润饰可数名词复数。many people 许多人
much:许多。润饰不可以数名词 much water/time 许多水/手机
a lot of既可以润饰可数名词又可以润饰不可以数名词。
8.about yourself.
yourself是反身代词,“你自个”。
第一人称:奇数myself——复数ourselves
第二人称:奇数yourself——复数yourselves
第三人称:奇数himself/herself/itself——复数:themselves
9.what does your father/mother do?你父亲/母亲是做啥作业的?
what does/do +或人+do?问询或人如今从事何种作业或做啥作业。
其他句型还有:
①what +be+或人?(一般不必于第二人称)
如:what’s your brother ?——he’s a waiter.
②what is sb’s job?
如:what’s your father job?——he is a worker.
③what do/does +或人+want to be?
如:what do you want to be?——i want to be a teacher.
10.i’d like to be your e-friend.我想变成你的网友。(page11)
i’d like =i would like 想要
用法:①would like +名词 如: i’d


like an apple.
②would like +to do sth
留心:①would like 没有人称和数的改变。
②would like 构成的一般疑问句中,标明“一些”和“某物”时,要用“some”和“sonething”,而不必“any”和“anything”。
③由“would like ”引导的疑问句的答复方法。
would you like some bread.——yes,please./no,thanks.
would you like to join us.——yes,i’d love /like to.或许,but···(宛转)
11.best wishes最夸姣的祝福。(留心wish要加es)
ⅴ语法:
一、特别疑问句:以疑问代词what, who, whom, whose, which或疑问副词when, where, why, how等放在句首发问的语句,叫特别疑问句。答句有必要关于问句中的疑问词来答复。
(一)各种疑问词的用法:
1.what用于对语句的主语、宾语、表语发问。用于发问“作业、东西”,还可以发问“名字、作业、时刻”等。
如:what’s your name?
2.who, whom, whose只能指人,who?保W髦饔铮瑆hom?保W鞅鲇铮瑆hose?摹保W鞫ㄓ锘虮碛铩?
who taught you english last year? 上一年哪个教师教你们英语?
whose father works in beijing? 谁的父亲在北京作业?
3.which用来问询人或物,一般有特定的选择规模。
which is your sister of the two girls?
那两个女孩中,哪个是你姐姐?(限制在这两个女孩中)
4.when, where, why, how别离对时刻、地址、缘由和方法
when did you arrive here? 你啥时分到这儿的? (对时


刻)
where were you last night? 你昨晚在哪里? (对地址)
why were you late again? 你怎么又迟到了? (对缘由)
how do you go to school? 你怎样上学的? ——by school bus(对方法)
留心:
①when与what time的差异:when指的是大体的时刻,而what time问询的是具体的时刻。
--what time shall we meet? -- at ten o’clock.
--when shall we meet? --tomorrow.
②how many用于问询“多少”,且后边接可数名词复数。——发问数量
how much用于发问“多少”,后边接不可以数名词,也可对“钱”发问。——发问不可以数名 词的数量和价格。
③ how old用于发问年纪“多大岁数”;对应名词“age”
how long用于发问时刻或长度“多长时刻,长度多长”,答复用“for+一段时刻”;对应“leight”。
how soon用于发问时刻“还要多久”,答复用“in+一段时刻”;
how far发问间隔“有多远”;how often用于发问频率“多长时刻一次”。
how tall发问高度: how tall are you? = what is your height?(对应 height)
how often 发问“多久一次。 ”
(二)句型规划:
1.如疑问词作主语或主语的定语,即对主语或主语的定语发问,其语序是陈述句的语序:
疑问词(+主语)+谓语动词+其他成分。
如: who is there?谁在那儿?
which book is his?哪本书是他的?
2.如疑问词作其他成分,即对其他成分发问,其语序是:疑问词+一般疑问句语序?
(1)疑问词+be+主语+其他? 如:who is your teacher?
(2)疑问词+助动词+主语+行为动词(其他)?



如:what does your father do? why do you like english。
(三)答复:不能用yes / no,即问啥答啥,特别是简略答复。
如: -how old is your sister? 你小妹本年多大了?
-she’s only five. / only five. (她)才5岁。
(四)对划线有些发问规则:
第一步,找准特别疑问词。
第二步,提前或加助动词:(be动词 am is are was were,神态动词can could may
must will would shall should, 助动词(结束时中)have has had.)
第三步,作改变抄剩下词。(主语时态的改变,如i变you ;前边加does do,后边动词用原形.)
1.he is thirteen years old.(对划线发问)
a:找准疑问词:how old b:提前be动词 : is
c:抄剩下词: he 即:how old is he?
2 they went to work yesterday morning.
a:找准疑问词: when b:加助动词:(曩昔时) did
c:作改变(将went 变为go)并抄剩下词: they go to work.
即:when did they go to work?
3 . her mother goes to school by bike.
a:找准 特别疑问词:how b:加助动词(三单时): does
c:作改变(goes—go) 抄剩下词: her mother go to school
即:how does her mother go to school?
二、不定冠词的用法
不定冠词有a 和an两个,泛指“一”的概念,但并不偏重数量,只标明名词为不特定者,且仅用在奇数可数名词前。
1.a用于发音以子音音标(不是以子音字母)最初的单词前面; my mother


is a doctor.
2.an用于发音以元音音标(不是元音字母)最初的单词前面。 my father is an engineer.
an actor; a doctor ; an apple ; a pen ; an egg
①标明“一”,用于可数名词的奇数方法前。 the company needs a worker.
②标明“一类”,指一类人或事物,用在可数名词奇数前。 an elephant is bigger than a cat.
③某示“某一个”,不具体指明是何人何物。 a teacher wants to see you.
④标明“每一”。 we work five days a week.
⑤标明“初度说到”;初度说到人或物,但不特别指明是哪一个。
long long ago, there was a king.
⑥用于固定词组中: a few一些(加可数名词) a little一些(加不可以数名词)
a lot of许多 a great deal of 许多 a moment ago方才
a piece of 一片 have a cold伤风 have a try试一试
in a word总之 in a hurry匆忙地 after a while过了一会儿
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